Post-Stroke Rehabilitation at Home: A Guide to Recovery and Prevention

Recovering from a stroke doesn’t end when you leave the hospital—it continues at home. With the right support, rehabilitation in the community can help survivors regain independence, prevent another stroke, and improve overall quality of life. Here’s what stroke rehabilitation looks like at home, based on the latest Stroke Foundation Australia (SFA) guidelines and other evidence-based recommendations.

 

Transitioning home: Early Supported Discharge (ESD)

If you or a loved one has had a mild to moderate stroke, Early Supported Discharge (ESD) programs can help speed up recovery. These programs provide:

  • A coordinated rehab team (physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists) visiting your home (SFA Guideline 6.3.1) [1].

  • Personalised therapy plans tailored to mobility, speech, and daily tasks (SFA Guideline 6.3.2) [1].

  • Family training so caregivers can safely assist with exercises and transfers (SFA Guideline 6.4.2) [1].

  • Why it works? Studies show ESD reduces hospital stays and improves long-term recovery (SFA Guideline 6.3) [1].

Home-Based Rehabilitation: What to Expect

Once home, rehabilitation should focus on functional, real-world activities (SFA Guideline 6.5) [1]. Key elements include:

Mobility & balance training

  • Walking practice (with support from a walker or caregiver if needed) (SFA Guideline 6.5.1) [1].

  • Balance exercises to reduce fall risk (SFA Guideline 6.5.3) [1].

  • Adaptive equipment (e.g., grab bars, walking aids) for safety (SFA Guideline 6.7.1) [1].

  • Upper limb recovery

  • Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) for those with partial arm function (SFA Guideline 6.5.4) [1].

  • Repetitive task practice (e.g., dressing, cooking) to improve arm function (SFA Guideline 6.5.5) [1].

  • Speech & cognitive therapy

  • Speech-language therapy for aphasia (SFA Guideline 6.6.2) [1].

  • Memory and problem-solving exercises for cognitive recovery (SFA Guideline 6.6.3) [1].

  • Managing spasticity

  • Daily stretching to prevent contractures (SFA Guideline 6.5.6) [1].

  • Avoid long-term splinting unless medically necessary (SFA Guideline 6.5.7) [1].

Preventing Another Stroke: Lifestyle & Risk Management

80% of strokes are preventable (World Stroke Organization) [2].

Key strategies at home:

Blood Pressure & Cholesterol Control

  • Medication adherence as prescribed (SFA Guideline 4.2.1) [1].

  • Regular BP monitoring (SFA Guideline 4.2.2) [1].

Heart-Healthy Diet

  • Mediterranean diet recommended (SFA Guideline 4.3.1) [1].

  • Reduce salt and processed foods (SFA Guideline 4.3.2) [1].

Physical Activity

  • Aim for 150+ minutes/week of moderate exercise (SFA Guideline 4.4.1) [1].

  • Avoid prolonged sitting (SFA Guideline 4.4.3) [1].

Mental & Emotional Wellbeing

  • Screen for depression/anxiety (SFA Guideline 6.8.1) [1].

  • Encourage social engagement (SFA Guideline 6.8.2) [1].

Supporting Caregivers

Family members play a crucial role in stroke recovery. Caregivers should:
✔ Learn safe transfer techniques (SFA Guideline 6.4.2) [1].
✔ Encourage independence (SFA Guideline 6.4.3) [1].
✔ Access respite care (SFA Guideline 6.4.4) [1].


Final thoughts

Recovering from a stroke takes time, but home-based rehabilitation—guided by therapists and supported by loved ones—can lead to meaningful progress. By combining therapy with healthy habits, stroke survivors can regain function and reduce the risk of another stroke.

Sources:

1. Stroke Foundation Australia Guidelines (2023)
2.
World Stroke Organization - Prevention

Additional resources:

Mobility and exercise after stroke

Caregiver guide to stroke (PDF)

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